Analysis of the Twelfth Planet Free Essays

string(78) the Mesopotamian divine board and its other eleven (upper tier) members. The Myth of a twelfth Planet: A Brief Analysis of Cylinder Seal VA 243 Michael S. Heiser Ph. D. We will compose a custom article test on Investigation of the Twelfth Planet or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now up-and-comer, Hebrew Bible and Ancient Semitic Languages University of Wisconsin-Madison Introduction Readers of Zecharia Sitchin’s books, especially The twelfth Planet, will perceive the above seal, VA 243 (so named in light of the fact that it is number 243 in the assortment of the Vorderasiatische Museum in Berlin). This seal is the focal point of Sitchin’s hypothesis that the Sumerians had progressed galactic information on the planetary bodies in our close planetary system. This information was purportedly given to the Sumerians by extraterrestrials, whom Sitchin recognizes as the Anunnaki divine forces of Sumero-Mesopotamian folklore. In the upper left-hand corner of the seal, Sitchin contends, one sees the sun encompassed by eleven globes. Since old people groups (counting the Sumerians as indicated by Sitchin) held the sun and moon to be â€Å"planets,† these eleven globes in addition to the sun mean twelve planets. Obviously, since we currently know about nine planets in addition to our sun and moon, some portion of Sitchin’s contention is that the Sumerians knew about an additional planet past Pluto. This additional planet is considered by Sitchin to be Nibiru, a cosmic body referenced in Mesopotamian writings. Sitchin’s works detail his conflict that Nibiru goes through our close planetary system like clockwork, thus a few professors in Sitchin’s hypothesis fight that Nibiru will return soon. A few supporters of Sitchin’s thoughts additionally allude to Nibiru as â€Å"Planet X†. Is Sitchin right †in entire or to some degree? Is Nibiru a twelfth planet that will before long return? Does VA243 demonstrate his proposal? Shockingly for Sitchin and his supporters, the response to every one of these inquiries is no. This paper will concentrate on the core of his hypothesis, VA243. Nibiru is the subject of another paper on my site. Technique and Approach The investigation of chamber seals is really an exceptionally particular sub-discipline inside Sumerology and Assyriology. an It is conceivable to decide, through the endeavors of chamber seal authorities of the ongoing past and momentum specialists, to unequivocally say that Sitchin’s understanding of this seal is profoundly defective and needs insightful legitimacy. To put it plainly, his hypothesis is bogus and is unsupported by the seal itself. In the conversation that follows, I will exhibit that VA243 not the slightest bit bolsters Sitchin’s thoughts. My reasons/lines of contention for this are: 1) The engraving on the seal (left hand and right hand sides †which are not talked about by Sitchin) says nothing regarding planets or any component of space science. As opposed to offering a free interpretation, I will concede to experts on Sumerian seal engravings in such manner to stay away from any charge of inclination. 2) The asserted â€Å"sun† image on the seal isn't the sun. We know this since it doesn't comply with the steady portrayal of the sun in many other chamber seals and instances of Sumero-Mesopotamian work of art. I will portray the average delineation (decided with assurance since it shows up with writings about the sun god [Shamash Akkadian, known as Utu in Sumerian]) and give picture models. Sources are given to perusers to check for themselves. The â€Å"sun† image is really a star (which in Mesopotamian workmanship could have, at least six ordinarily, eight focuses). In case the advanced peruser counter that â€Å"well, the sun is a star,† I offer a few pictures where the star image and the sun image (which once more, isn't that in VA243) are one next to the other and unmistakable from each other. The Sumerians and Mesopotamians recognized the sun from stars by utilizing various images †and connecting every image with the sun god and different divine beings, individually. There is just no antiquated Sumero-Akkadian proof to help Sitchin’s recognizable proof. 3) If the â€Å"sun† isn't the sun, at that point what are the spots? The specks are likewise stars, as is best outlined by the Sumerian-Mesopotamian delineation of the Pleaides (seven dabs together with sensible cosmic exactness since they are noticeable to the unaided eye). b The Pleaides are really one of the most often delineated cosmic highlights in SumeroMesopotamian craftsmanship. As Sitchin brings up (and this is authenticated by real researchers in the field †it’s basic information), stars were related with or viewed as wonderful creatures †divine beings. In Sumero-Mesopotamian work of art, a star speaks to either a divine being or a galactic body. The equivalent can be said of the sun †it can either reference the exacting sun or the sun god. There are three prospects concerning what VA243 is delineating: (An) It is singling out a divinity or extraordinary star and connecting it with different stars in a type of zodiacal portrayal. I don’t consider this presumable in light of the fact that there are other far more clear portrayals of zodiacal groups of stars. Except if there are clear zodiacal meanings, a star was representative of a god, which carries us to the subsequent choice. (B) More likely is the possibility that the focal star represents a god that has some relationship with fruitfulness (as in crops) since the engraving depicts a contribution made by an admirer (who is named) to a situated god who is related in the seal with ripe gather. Since there are two different figures in the seal notwithstanding the situated god, and one is the offerer, the rest of the figure is likely a god likewise connected with the contribution. For this chance are the â€Å"implements† a An astounding general presentation is Dominique Collon, Cylinder Seals. I am not saying the star is delineated in the midst of the Pleiades, just that the aesthetic portrayal of the Pleiades gives a great case of â€Å"dots† = stars. The Pleiadean delineation is constantly seven dabs/stars. b appeared on the seal as for these two figures confronting the situated god and the figure’s hood. Likewise in support of its is the way that there are actually several such â€Å"offering seals,† and many have a star in upper nearness to the figures’ heads, implying the figure is a divinity (see the model). C) Since the star is encircled by eleven different stars (specks), the aesthetic delineation could represent the lead lord of the Mesopotamian divine gathering and its other eleven (upper level) individuals. You read Examination of the Twelfth Planet in class Exposition models Recall that (as Sitchin again calls attention to) the Mesopotamian committee had 12 indiv iduals. I have noted before that the 12 part committee isn’t constantly predictable in Mesopotamian religion (on occasion eight divine beings are viewed as the chamber), however 12 is the more predominant number. This proposal is appealing, however I can’t state there is a lot to compliment it over choice B. The peruser may be thinking now, â€Å"Well, isn’t the sun god the pioneer of the pantheon †so if this symbology focuses to the perfect committee the inside image could in any case be the sun? † This would be a wrong line of thought since in SumeroMesopotamian religion the sun god isn't the high god; the high god is Anu (later, Marduk), not Shamash. These alternatives are as a matter of fact abstract, yet one thing is sure †the â€Å"sun† image doesn't adjust to the plentifully visit image for the sun in SumeroMesopotamian workmanship. We are not managing a delineation of the nearby planetary group. Stargazer Tom van Flandern called attention to this years back at any rate, since the extents of the â€Å"planets† around the supposed sun don't fit in with the right sizes of the planets and there good ways from the pseudo-sun are not delineated so as to portray circular (or if nothing else fluctuating) circles. The connection to van Flandern’s evaluate is on my site. 4) There is anything but a solitary book in the whole corpus of Sumerian or Mesopotamian tablets on the planet that reveals to us the Sumerians (or later occupants of Mesopotamia) knew there were in excess of five planets. This is a serious case, yet is certifiable through crafted by researchers who represent considerable authority in cuneiform space science. Underneath I list all the significant takes a shot at cuneiform stargazing (lists of writings, theses/books) and welcome perusers to look at them of a library and search for themselves. Truly every cuneiform content that has any galactic remark (even concerning crystal gazing and signs) has been interpreted, listed, ordered, and talked about in the accessible scholastic writing. The tablets are regularly very definite, in any event, examining scientific figurings of the presence of planetary bodies in the sky, not too far off, and according to different stars. The field is in no way, shape or form new, and is extensively evolved. The entirety of the above features of the conversation are currently offered in more detail with reference index. I. The Inscriptions on VA 243 VA243 has three lines of content (â€Å"line 1† is really rehashed on the two sides of the seal): The seal is transliterated (the Sumero-Akkadian signs in English letters) and deciphered in the primary distribution of the Berlin Vorderasiatische Museum’s production of its seal assortment, Vorderasiatische Rollsiegel (â€Å"West Asian Cylinder Seals†; 1940) by Mesopotamian researcher Anton Moortgat on page 101. This book is in German, so I offer the German and an English interpretation: Line 1 = name si-ga â€Å"Dubsiga† [a individual name of an evidently incredible personc] Line 2 = ili-il-la-at â€Å"Ili-illat† [another individual name, this season of the seal’s owner] â€Å"dein Knecht† [German for â€Å"your servant†d] Line 3 = ir3-su So the full (rather exhausting) engraving of VA243 peruses: â€Å"Dubsiga, Ili-illat, your/his worker. â€?